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Intuitive Tapestry Weaving: Going Beyond the Cartoon

I’ve always been fascinated by the relationship of a tapestry to its original design and how it evolves on the loom. As an ancient art form, tapestry weaving has been practiced for thousands of years. Historically, the art and craft of weaving were intrinsically linked, with tapestries involving improvisation and the evolution of an idea as it came into being on the loom. 

Yet, in modern times, we often see a sharp division between the acts of design and creation. Many weavers are taught to design a tapestry as a process separate to the act of weaving. There is, of course, importance in understanding both – and preliminary drawings are invaluable to weavers creating large and complex tapestries. At the same time, an overly rigid adherence to cartoons can be limiting, narrowing weaving to a mechanical exercise without space for spontaneity and creative inspiration. There can be incredible freedom in breaking away from this structure to create in a more intuitive manner.

Sourcing Inspiration

For those interested in exploring intuitive weaving, inspiration can be drawn from the work of contemporary weavers who have taken a more improvisational approach. Many will have heard of Silvia Heyden, a Swiss-born artist who wove hundreds of abstract tapestries in her distinctive aesthetic style. Her work was often inspired by nature, movement and musical rhythm, incorporating shaped and curvilinear forms. She voiced her firm belief in ‘weaving based on the textile process of conceiving a tapestry directly on the loom, which can’t be preconceived through drawing or painting’.

Weaving Dance, 35 x 41 in, 2006 © Silvia Heyden
Weaving Dance, 35 x 41 in, 2006 © Silvia Heyden
 
While Heyden often drew sketches that informed her woven tapestries, they were not rigid or restrictive in the sense of being drawn onto the warp. Rather, they served to evolve her ideas in the mind’s eye, while the process of weaving each thread served as a response to what had just been woven and an anticipation of what would be about to follow. There is a beautiful description of her practice in the book Movement in Tapestry: Silvia Heyden, which contains hundreds of stunning photographs of her woven tapestries, as well as their related drawings.
Development of Gridone tapestry, 83 x 189 in,  2003 © Movement in Tapestry: Silvia Heyden page 1
Development of Gridone tapestry, 83 x 189 in,  2003 © Movement in Tapestry: Silvia Heyden page 1
 
Development of Blue Script, 50 x 60 in, 1989 © Movement in Tapestry: Silvia Heyden page 24
Development of Blue Script, 50 x 60 in, 1989 © Movement in Tapestry: Silvia Heyden page 24
 
Another inspiring weaver in this realm is Katherine Swailes, whose abstract Colourfield tapestries similarly evolve without the boundaries of a formal pattern. These works are created with a limited palette of hand-dyed materials blended together into butterflies of weft, which are intuitively selected and woven together. Her meditative weaving process allows the subtle hues of these materials to reveal the path of the weaving. This minimal intervention lends space for the tapestries to reflect the natural surroundings as well as the internal landscape of the weaver.
 
Impatient for Spring - Dark 2, Colourfield series, 2021, 54 x 85 cm, © Katherine Swailes
Impatient for Spring - Dark 2, Colourfield series, 2021, 54 x 85 cm, © Katherine Swailes
 
Verdure Colourfield, 2023, © Katherine Swailes, photo credit: Joshua Kershaw.
Verdure Colourfield, 2023, © Katherine Swailes, photo credit: Joshua Kershaw

Honoring Your Personal Intuition

Of course, there is no one approach to weaving intuitively – each artist will have their unique instincts and inspiration. Hopefully, these examples can encourage you to explore and develop your own. Many will no doubt be drawn back to the use of more traditional patterns. Even so, experimenting with intuitive weaving can lend new perspectives, an openness to possibilities and thinking outside the boundaries of traditional structures and expectations.

About Olga Owczarek

Olga Owczarek is a tapestry weaver and textile artist based in Cornwall, England. Olga finds her inspiration in natural landscapes, history and folklore. You can find more of her work on her website and Instagram.

 

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